时间：2013年11月1日（周五下午）2:30 -- 3:30
地点：浙江大学西溪校区人文学院咖啡吧(由图书馆进)
题目：转移是转移；语法化是语法化
语言：英文ppt，中文讲解
主持：李旭平博士
包智明，新加坡国立大学英语系语言学教授，麻省理工学院语言学博士，主要从事接触语言学、音系学等领域的研究，出版专著The Structure of Tone（1999，OUP），并在Language、Linguistic Inquiry、Journal of Linguistics、Lingua、Studies in Language、Language in Society、 Journal of Chinese Linguistics、Journal of East Asian Linguistics、Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages发表多篇论文。
摘要：语法化是当前国际语言学的一个热门话题，其中由底层语引发的语法变异是欧美接触语言学的一个重要课题。最近，Heine、Kuteva等学者用语法化机制解释接触变异。在这次演讲中，我们比较分析新加坡英语的one构式以及汉语的‘的’字式，论证语法转移和语法化是互相独立的；接触引发的语法变异和典型的语法化现象有本质上的差别。
Transfer is Transfer; Grammaticalization is Grammaticalization
Bao Zhiming
National University of Singapore
bao@nus.edu.sg
Substrate-driven grammatical change in language contact is a topic of intense debate in the recent contact linguistics literature. One central question is whether substratum transfer can be reduced to grammaticalization. Heine and Kuteva (2003, 2005) argue that it can, citing examples such as the Irish English after-perfect, among others. In this talk, I examine the grammar of one in Singapore English, which has acquired novel grammatical meanings from Chinese de. On the basis of speaker intuition, one parallels de, which can be accounted for in terms of parallel grammaticalization. Usage tells a different story. The usage data obtained through ICE-SIN (ca. 1990) and SCoRE (ca. 2005) reveal a marked decline in token counts of the Chinese-derived functions over the 15 year period that separates the two spoken Singapore English corpora.
The decline in usage proves problematic for the grammaticalization analysis, but supports a usage-based theory that recognizes substratum transfer as an independent mechanism of contact-induced grammatical change. Transfer targets the grammatical system, and operates on abstract linguistic representation. Upon transfer, the linguistic representation is exponenced with suitable morphosyntactic materials from the lexifier. Since the novel meanings of one violate English grammar (eg. on the table one ‘the one on the table’), the decline in usage is expected. In generative linguistics, intuition reflects stable mental grammar. Substratum transfer and the subsequent stabilization, via usage, are cognitive processes that mold the mental grammar of a substrate system into the mental grammar of the emergent contact language.
